Study of the thermal expansion coefficient of tube sheet materials

Studying the thermal expansion coefficient of tube sheet materials is crucial for ensuring the stable operation of equipment under temperature changes. The following are the key points:

I. Definition and Measurement of Thermal Expansion Coefficient
The thermal expansion coefficient describes the rate of change in material length with temperature, and is divided into linear expansion coefficient (α) and volumetric expansion coefficient (β). Measurement requires obtaining length changes at different temperatures through experiments to calculate the average or true linear expansion coefficient.

II. Factors Affecting the Thermal Expansion Coefficient
The type of chemical bonds in the material (e.g., covalent bonds in ceramics result in low expansion coefficients), crystal structure (anisotropic materials require separate measurements), and temperature range all affect the expansion coefficient. For example, the expansion coefficient of metallic materials is generally higher than that of ceramics.

III. Significance in Practical Applications
In chemical engineering, energy, and other fields, the thermal expansion coefficient of tube sheet materials directly affects the thermal stress and sealing performance of the equipment. Choosing materials with low expansion coefficients (such as titanium alloys) can reduce thermal deformation and improve equipment reliability.